Prostate Cancer

ß-Carotene Supplementation for Patients with Low Baseline Levels and Decreased Risks of Total and Prostate Carcinoma Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Cancer, 86(9): 1783-1792, November 1999.BackgroundSome recent studies have suggested that several dietary antioxidants may reduce the risks of developing prostate cancer. The Physicians' Health Studyis a well-known,...
10-Year Outcome for Men with Localized Prostate Cancer Treated with External Radiation Therapy: Results of a Cohort Study. Authors: Zietman AL, Chung CS, Coen JJ, Shipley U Source: Journal of Urology, Vol. 171, 210-214, January 2004 Background Localized prostate cancer is currently treated with either surgery or radiation, and the optimal treatment strategy remains...
A comparison of External Beam Radiation Therapy versus Radical Prostatectomy for Patients with Low Risk Prostate Carcinoma Diagnosed, Staged, and Treated at a Single Institution Reviewers: Li Liu, MDSource: Cancer, Volume 88, 425-432 (January) 2000.IntroductionDespite significant improvements in the treatment of localized prostate cancer, the optimal management of this malignancy remains undefined. Currently, both radiation...
A Prospective Study Of The Serum Prostate Specific Antigen Concentrations And Gleason Histologic Scores Of Black And White Men With Prostate Carcinoma Reviewers: Li Liu, MDSource: Cancer, 86(5):836-841, September 1999BackgroundSuccessful stratification of patients for any risk variable would enhance our understanding of the disease and therefore enable us to develop effective strategies for...
A randomized trial of supine vs. prone positioning in patients undergoing escalated dose conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer Authors: AJ Bayley, CN Cattan, T Haycocks, et al. Source:Radiotherapy and Oncology 70 (2004) 37–44 . Background Controversy regarding tumor targeting, patient position, and immobilization for external beam...
American Brachytherapy Society (ABS) Recommendations for Transperineal Permanent Brachytherapy of Prostate Cancer Reviewers: Li Liu, MDSource: International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 44(4): 789-799, July 1999BackgroundThe proportion of patients treated by permanent brachytherapy has been increasing rapidly in the past few years due to...
Bilateral Orchiectomy with or without Flutamide for Metastatic Prostate Cancer Reviewers: Kenneth Blank, MD Source: New England Journal of Medicine 339 (15):1036BackgroundThe treatment of metastatic prostate cancer is controversial. Radiotherapy plays a critical role in palliating bone pain and preventing local...
Biochemical Failure does not Predict Overall Survival after Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer: 10-year Results Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Urology, Volume 54:884-890, (November) 1999Précis: Biochemical failure does not predict survival after radical prostatectomyIntroductionRadical prostatectomy provides excellent cancer control in most men with...
Biochemical Outcome After Radical Prostatectomy, External Beam Radiation Therapy, or Interstitial Radiation Therapy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Reviewers: John Han-Chih Chang, MD Source: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), September 16, 1998; Volume 280, Number 11BackgroundRadical surgery (prostatectomy), external beam radiation therapy and interstitial brachytherapy...
Clinical and Biologic Activity of an Estrogenic Herbal Combination (PC-SPES) in Prostate Cancer Reviewers: Kenneth Blank, MD and John Han-Chih Chang, MD Source: The New England Journal of Medicine, September 17, 1998, Volume 339, Number 12 BackgroundHerbal remedies are widely used in the United States and worldwide in the treatment of a wide...
Clinical utility of ursodeoxycholic acid in preventing flutamide-induced hepatopathy in patients with prostate cancer: A preliminary study Authors: M Kojima, K Kamoi, O Ukimura, et al. Source: International Journal of Urology 2002; 9: 42-47. Background Flutamide, an antiandrogen, is used to treat patients with prostate cancer. As the indications for adjuvant androgen ablation in...
Combined Androgen Blockade with Nonsteroidal Antiandrogens for Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Systematic ReviewReviewers: Li Liu, MDSource: Urology, Vol 57, 2001: 727-732IntroductionIn metastatic prostate cancer the main systemic treatment is androgen suppression (AS), either by surgical castration (orchiectomy) or by long-term use of a...
Comparative Efficiency of Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening Strategies for Prostate Cancer Detection Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Source: JAMA 284(11):1399-1405, (September) 2000IntroductionDigital rectal examination and measurement of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) are the most widely used screening tests for prostate cancer. The...
Comparison of Radiation Side-Effects of Conformal and Conventional Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer: a Randomised Trial Reviewers: John Han-Chih Chang, MD Source: Lancet 1999; Volume 353: pages 267 - 272BackgroundIt has been known that radiation could eradicate tumors -- the radiation treatments just needed to utilize a "high enough" dose. Theproblem with...
Cost-Effectiveness of Androgen Suppression Therapies in Advanced Prostate Cancer Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 92(21): 1731-1739, (November) 2000.IntroductionAndrogen ablation therapy provides effective palliation for patients with advanced prostate carcinoma. Androgen ablation...
Detection of Prostate Cancer: Serendipity Strikes Again Source: McNaughton-Collins M, Ransohoff DF and Barry MJJournal of theAmerican Medical Association Nov 12, 1997; Vol 278 (No 18): pp 1516 - 9The definition of serendipity is to happen upon something bychance. A cancer may be "picked up" by chance, if...
Does Prolonged Combined Androgen Blockade Have Survival Benefits Over Short-Term Combined Androgen Blockade Therapy? Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Urology, Volume 55:391396, (March) 2000IntroductionThe therapeutic value of combined androgen blockade (CAB), the pairing of antiandrogen therapy with medical or surgical castration for the treatment of advanced...
Extensive Biopsy Protocol Improves the Detection Rate of Prostate Cancer Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: J Urology Volume 164:393-396, (August) 2000Précis: More extensive biopsy protocol improved prostate cancer detection rateIntroductionTransrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and TRUS-guided biopsy have become the method...
Health Outcomes after Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Results From the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 92:1582-1592, (October) 2000Précis: Tradeoffs in prostate cancer treatmentIntroductionTreatment options for localized prostate cancer include radical...
Impact of the percentage of positive prostate cores on prostate cancer-specific mortality for patients with low or favorable intermediate-risk disease Authors: D'Amico AV, Renshaw AA, Cote K, Hurwitz M, Beard C, Loffredo M, Chen MHSource: J Clin Oncol. 2004 Sep 15;22(18):3726-32.IntroductionRisk stratification using pretreatment markers is used to help determine treatment strategies in prostate...
Improved Survival in Patients with Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy andGoserelin TheNew England Journal of Medicine 1997;337:295-300.Encouraging news for patients with prostate cancer is reported in theJuly 31st issue of the NEJM. Bolla and colleagues show that the additionof Goserelin improves the efficacy of radiation therapy...
Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy As Primary Treatment For Prostate Cancer: Acute Toxicity In 114 Patients Authors: G D e M eerleer , L V akaet , S M eersschout , et al. Source: Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys ., 60 (2004) 777-787 . Background In the setting of external beam radiotherapy treatment of prostate cancer, Intensity Modulated...
Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: Preliminary Results Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Urology, Volume 55:630-634, (May) 2000.Précis: Laparoscopy permits more precise dissection during radical prostatectomyIntroductionThe standard surgical procedure for patients with organ confined prostate...
Long-Term Results Of A Randomized Trial For The Treatment Of Stages B2 And C Prostate Cancer: Radical Prostatectomy Versus External Beam Radiation Therapy With A Common Endocrine Therapy In Both Modalities Authors: Koichiro Akakura, Shigeo Isaka, Susumu Akimoto, et al Source: Urology, 54(2): 313-318, August 1999 BackgroundExternal beam radiation therapy has generally been used for patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of prostate with or...
Osteoporosis in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer Authors: Robert W. Ross and Eric J. Small Source: Journal of Urology 2002; 167: 1952-6. Background Thousands of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer will be treated with androgen ablation therapy as part of their cancer treatment. These...
Percentage of Free PSA in Black versus White Men for Detection and Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Multicenter Clinical Trial Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Urology, Volume 55:372-376, (March) 2000.Précis: Free PSA percentage is effective for prostate cancer detection in black men.IntroductionMeasurement of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used as an...
Post-treatment PSA </= 0.2 ng/mL Defines Disease Freedom After Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer Using Modern Techniques Reviewers: Li Liu, M.D. Source: Urology, Volume 54:968-971, (December) 1999.IntroductionSince serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing became widely available for clinical use in the late 1980s, it has become a conventional means of monitoring...
Prostate Cancer And Supplementation With Alpha-Tocopherol And Beta-Carotene: Incidence And Mortality In A Controlled Trial Reviewers: Kenneth Blank, MD and John Han-Chih, MD Source: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 90, No. 6, March 18, 1998Vitamins have long been studied for their presumed health benefits, including a possible role in the prevention of...
Prostate cancer in African-American men: Outcome following radiation therapy with or without adjuvant androgen ablation Reviewers: Kenneth Blank, MD Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, and Physics, October 1, 1998, Vol 43 No. 2 p 517Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in American males and the second leading cause of cancer death...
Prostate Specific Antigen Bounce after Radioactive Seed Implantation Followed by External Beam Radiation for Prostate Cancer Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: The Journal of Urology Volume 163:1085-1089, (April) 2000Précis: Prostate specific antigen bounce is common after radioactive seed implantation.IntroductionProstate-specific antigen (PSA), a serine prostease...
Radiation Therapy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Pooled Analysis Reviewers: John Han-Chih Chang, MD Source: JAMA 1999; Volume 281: pages 1598 - 1604.AbstractContext Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) evaluation leads to the early detection of both prostate cancer and recurrencesfollowing primary treatment....
Radical Surgery versus Radiotherapy for Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate Reviewed by: Drew Moghanaki MD, MPH Source: The Journal of Urology 1982. Sep;128(3):502-4. Background: This report by the Uro-Oncology Research Group is the first and only purported prospective randomized study comparing prostatectomy to...
Second Primary Tumors after Prostate Carcinoma Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Cancer, 86(9): 1567-1570, October 1999.Précis: In this study, men with prostate cancer appeared to have a significantly lower rate of second cancer compared to age matched controls without a history of prostate...
Seminal Vesicle-Sparing Radical Prostatectomy: A Novel Concept to Restore Early Urinary Continence Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Urology, Volume 55:820-824, (June) 2000Précis: Seminal vesicle-sparing radical prostatectomy may maintain urinary continenceIntroductionUrinary incontinence is one of the major potential side effects of radical...
Significance of the CAG Repeat Polymorphism of the Androgen Receptor Gene in Prostate Cancer Progression Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: Journal of Urology, Volume 164(2):567-572, (August) 2000.IntroductionPathologic stage, Gleason score (GS), and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) are well-established prognostic factors for prostate cancer....
Six-month Androgen Suppression Plus Radiation Therapy vs. Radiation Therapy Alone for Patients with Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Authors: D'Amico, A. et al. Affiliations: Dept. of Rad Onc, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA Source: JAMA , August 18, 2004, Vol 292, No. 7 Background In addition to overall survival, disease-specific...
Six-month Androgen Suppression Plus Radiation Therapy vs. Radiation Therapy Alone for Patients with Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Authors: D'Amico, A. et al. Affiliation: Dept. of Rad Onc, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA Source: JAMA, August 18, 2004, Vol 292, No. 7 Background In addition to overall survival, disease-specific...
Temporarily Deferred Therapy (watchful waiting) for Men Younger Than 70 Years and With Low-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer in the Prostate-Specific Antigen Era Authors: Corey A. Carter, Timothy Donahue, Leon Sun, et al. Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology 21(21): 4001-4008, 2003 Background Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common solid tumor in men in the United States. The optimal management of...
Testosterone Recovery Following Prolonged Adjuvant Androgen Ablation for Prostate Carcinoma Authors: T Pickles, A Agranovich, E Berthelet, et al. Source: Cancer 2002; 94: 362-7 Background The use of androgen ablation (AA) has become more common in the treatment of prostate cancer. Androgen ablation has a proven survival benefit in...
The bicalutamide Early Prostate Cancer Program. Demography Authors: See WA, McLeod D, Iversen P, et al. Source: Urol. Oncol. 2001 Mar; 6(2): 43-47 Introduction It has been well established that addition of adjuvant hormonal therapy to local definitive therapy significantly improves local tumor...
The Effect of Androgen Deprivation on the Early Changes in Prostate Volume Following Transperineal Ultrasound Guided Interstitial Therapy for Localized Carcinoma of the Prostate Reviewers: Li Liu, MD Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, and Physics, Volume 44, No 5 (July):1107-1110, 1999.BackgroundThe rising incidence of and mortality from prostate cancer has generated great interest in improving...
The Role of Androgen Deprivation in the Definitive Management of Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Treated with Radiation Therapy Reviewers: Kenneth Blank, MD Source: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999 Mar 1;43(4): 707-13IntroductionThe role of medications that suppress androgen production is controversial in the treatment of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer cells require...
Therapeutic Radiation in Patients With a Rising Post-Prostatectomy PSA Level Reviewers: Leonard A. Farber, M.D. Source: Oncology 1997;12:33-9Following prostatectomy, the optimal management for patients with an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA)level remains unsettled. Prior to the era of PSA testing, many patients...
Updated results of the phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) trial 85-31 evaluating the potential benefit of androgen suppression following standard radiation therapy for unfavorable prognosis carcinoma of the prostate Reviewers: Li Liu, MDSource: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001 Mar 15;49(4):937-46IntroductionIn locally advanced prostate cancer, hormonal therapy often prolongs the suppression of the primary tumor when used with radiotherapy (RT). The question...
Updated results of the phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) trial 85-31 evaluating the potential benefit of androgen suppression following standard radiation therapy for unfavorable prognosis carcinoma of the prostate Reviewers: Li Liu, MDSource: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001 Mar 15;49(4):937-46IntroductionIn locally advanced prostate cancer hormonal therapy often prolongs the suppression of the primary tumor by radiotherapy (RT), but the question remains...
Urinary and Sexual Function After Radical Prostatectomy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Reviewers: Li Liu, MDSource: JAMA, 2000 Jan 19; 283(3): 354-60BackgroundUrinary incontinence and impotence are among the most common side effects after radical prostatectomy for early stage prostate cancer. The rates of incontinence range from 4% to...