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Cancer Types / Leukemia / Hairy Cell Leukemia / NCI Resources

NCI CANCERLIT^® Search: Hairy Cell Leukemia - August 2002

National Cancer Institute^®
Last Modified: August 1, 2002

Hairy cell leukemia: treatment prospects.
[Therapeutic effectiveness of cladribine and cellular immunodeficiency--related effects in hairy-cell leukemia?]
Cure of pulmonary Rhizomucor pusillus infection in a patient with hairy-cell leukemia: role of liposomal amphotericin B and GM-CSF.
[Hairy cell leukemia treated with cladribine]
Identification of human T cell leukemia virus type IIb infection in the Wayu, an aboriginal population of Colombia.
Simultaneous diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma: a frequent association?
Response of hairy cells to IFN-alpha involves induction of apoptosis through autocrine TNF-alpha and protection by adhesion.

Table of Contents

1
UI - 12113139
AU - Seshadri P; Seshadri R
TI - Hairy cell leukemia: treatment prospects.
SO - Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2001 Jun;1(1):91-8
AD - Repatriation General Hospital, Daws Road, Daw Park, South Australia 5041. prabha.seshadri@rgh.sa.gov.au
The recent advances in the management of hairy cell leukemia, a chronic and indolent B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder are reviewed. The introduction of alpha-interferon, purine analogs and recombinant monoclonal antibodies/immunotoxins has dramatically improved the outcome in a disease that once had a dismal prognosis. The underlying genetic defect remains unknown.

2
UI - 12061204
AU - Raida L; Papajik T; Pikalova Z; Zapletalova J; Indrak K
TI - [Therapeutic effectiveness of cladribine and cellular immunodeficiency--related effects in hairy-cell leukemia?]
SO - Vnitr Lek 2002 May;48(5):384-9
AD - Hemato-onkologicka klinika Fakultni nemocnice, Olomouc.
The high therapeutic efficiency of lymphotoxic purine analogues, pentostatin and cladribine in hairy cell leukaemia which express the antigen CD25 (alpha chain interleukin-2 receptor) suggests the hypothesis whether protracted cellular immunodeficiency after treatment does not represent an important mechanism of control of this specific lymphoproliferation. The authors analyzed a group of 45 patients with CD25-positive hairy cell leukaemia treated with cladribine. In addition to the therapeutic response they evaluated also the state of cellular immunity during the subsequent months and years following cladribine administration. The regression lines of the development of different sub-populations CD4, CD8 and CD56-positive cells, interleukin-2 and its soluble receptor were evaluated separately in patients with persistent remission and patients with growth of the tumourous mass. Although this retrospective analysis provides only limited information we can deduce from it a long-term decline of CD4 lymphocytes correlating with the relatively low incidence of clinical progression of hairy cell leukaemias. The results of this clinical observation are consistent with some reported clinical and experimental observations.

3
UI - 11911424
AU - Ma B; Seymour JF; Januszewicz H; Slavin MA
TI - Cure of pulmonary Rhizomucor pusillus infection in a patient with hairy-cell leukemia: role of liposomal amphotericin B and GM-CSF.
SO - Leuk Lymphoma 2001 Nov-Dec;42(6):1393-9
AD - Department of Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
We describe a case of successfully treated multifocal pulmonary Rhizomucor pusillus, a condition which has previously been universally fatal. A 77 year-old man had a background of chronic neutropenia due to hairy-cell leukemia, splenectomy, corticosteroid therapy and an obstructing left ureteric transitional-cell carcinoma. He was successfully treated with 3 months of high-dose liposomal amphotericin B and 7 months of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Treatment was complicated by mild reversible deterioration of renal function. There was a near complete radiological response to the therapy at 6 months and the patient remains well 20 months following diagnosis of R. pusillus and 13 months following cessation of treatment.

4
UI - 12043051
AU - Ghanima W; Heldal D; Tjonnfjord GE
TI - [Hairy cell leukemia treated with cladribine]
SO - Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2002 Apr 30;122(11):1094-7
AD - Seksjon for blodsykdommer Medisinsk avdeling Rikshospitalet 0027 Oslo. wghanima@c2i.net
BACKGROUND: Hairy cell leukaemia is a chronic B-cell disorder that follows an indolent course. Cladribine has in the last decade emerged as the drug of choice for treating hairy cell leukaemia. MATERIAL: We report on the long-term follow-up of 26 patients treated from January 25 patients were evaluable for response. 21 patients (84%) achieved complete remission, three patients (12%) achieved partial remission, and one patient had no response. At a median follow-up of 6.8 years, 24 patients (92%) were still alive. One patient died from infections four months after treatment, while the other patient died from a malignant melanoma 4.4 years after treatment. Relapse assessed by flow cytometry was diagnosed in 95% of the patients. 38% of those in complete and 67% of those in partial remission were treated by a second course of cladribine during the follow-up. Retreatment led to normalisation of peripheral blood count in all patients. INTERPRETATION: Cladribine is not a curative treatment in hairy cell leukaemia, but it induces long lasting remission.

5
UI - 8294210
AU - Ijichi S; Tajima K; Zaninovic V; Leon-S FE; Katahira Y; Sonoda S; Miura
TI - T; Hayami M; Hall WW Identification of human T cell leukemia virus type IIb infection in the Wayu, an aboriginal population of Colombia.
SO - Jpn J Cancer Res 1993 Dec;84(12):1215-8
AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, North Shore University Hospital, Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, New York 11030.
Human T cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) is endemic in a number of native American populations and high rates of infection have also been demonstrated in intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs). Studies of virus isolates in the latter population have shown the existence of two closely related subtypes of the virus, HTLV-IIa and HTLV-IIb. To characterize the viruses present in native Americans, we analyzed by nucleotide sequence analysis the proviruses from the Wayu, an aboriginal population residing in Colombia, South America. The results showed HTLV-IIb infection in this population, and also demonstrated remarkable conservation of sequence when compared to the proviruses in IVDAs.

6
UI - 12145685
AU - Gine E; Bosch F; Villamor N; Rozman M; Colomer D; Lopez-Guillermo A;
TI - Campo E; Montserrat E Simultaneous diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma: a frequent association?
SO - Leukemia 2002 Aug;16(8):1454-9
AD - Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Hematology, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
The association of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) with other neoplasms, mainly non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, is well known. However, the simultaneous diagnosis of HCL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is rare, with only few cases of such an association having been reported. We describe three patients with a well-characterized HCL in whom a CLL/SLL population was detected. Of note, these cases represent a significant proportion (11.5%; 95% CI: 0% to 24%) of the total number of HCL cases diagnosed in our institution during the same period of time. All three patients were treated with deoxycoformycin. They achieved a complete response of the HCL, whereas the CLL/SLL population persisted in all cases. The immunoglobulin gene rearrangement analysis, in two informative cases, suggested that the HCL and CLL/SLL populations arose from different B cell clones. This study indicates that the association of HCL and CLL/SLL might be much more frequent than previously recognized. Therefore, a large panel of monoclonal antibodies, including those necessary to detect CLL/SLL, should be employed when studying patients with HCL.

7
UI - 12091360
AU - Baker PK; Pettitt AR; Slupsky JR; Chen HJ; Glenn MA; Zuzel M; Cawley JC
TI - Response of hairy cells to IFN-alpha involves induction of apoptosis through autocrine TNF-alpha and protection by adhesion.
SO - Blood 2002 Jul 15;100(2):647-53
AD - Department of Haematology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. pbaker@liv.ac.uk
Although hairy cell leukemia is uniquely sensitive to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), the biologic basis for this phenomenon remains unclear. Here we examine the effects of IFN-alpha on cultured hairy cells (HCs), taking into account the possible modifying influence of cell adhesion. We make the novel observation that therapeutic concentrations of IFN-alpha kill nonadherent HCs by inducing apoptosis. In keeping with the persistence of HCs in tissues during therapy, such killing was inhibited by integrin-mediated adhesion to vitronectin or fibronectin. Exposure of HCs to IFN-alpha resulted in a marked increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion. Furthermore, blocking antibodies to TNF-RI or TNF-RII protected HCs from IFN-alpha-induced apoptosis, demonstrating that such killing was mediated by TNF-alpha. In the absence of IFN-alpha, exogenous TNF-alpha did not induce HC apoptosis, showing that IFN-alpha sensitized HCs to the proapoptotic effect of autocrine TNF-alpha. This sensitization to TNF-alpha-induced killing was attributable to suppression of IAP (inhibitors of apoptosis) production known to be regulated by the cytoprotective nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent arm of TNF-alpha signaling. Moreover, engagement of the receptors for fibronectin or vitronectin prevented this IFN-alpha-induced down-regulation of IAPs. Understanding of the signals involved in the combined effects of IFN-alpha and TNF-alpha and abrogation of those induced by integrin engagement offers the possibility of sensitizing other malignant cells to IFN-alpha-induced killing and thereby extending the therapeutic use of this cytokine.

The above citations and abstracts reflect those newly added to CANCERLIT for the month and topic listed in the title. The citations have been retrieved from CANCERLIT using a predefined search strategy of indexed subject terms. Although the search strategy has been refined as best as possible, citations may appear that are not directly related to the topic, and occasionally relevant references may be omitted.

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