What is the Bladder? The bladder serves as a reservoir for urine in our bodies. It permits the storage of urine for a period of time before releasing it as we urinate. It can be thought of as a muscular balloon; it is a flat structure when there is no urine (immediately after a person urinates), but is able to fill up to a liter or so of urine when needed (though this would be very uncomfortable). Normally, as the bladder nears 500 cc (1/2 of a liter), we feel the urge to urinate. The muscular structure of the bladder also helps other pelvic muscles push the urine out when it is released. The bladder is located deep in the pelvis, just above the pubic symphysis, which is a bone that can be felt in the midline on the front of the pelvis. In fact, when the bladder is over distended, it can be felt by a physician. Ureters empty urine into the bladder from the kidneys, and the urethra leads ... read more on Bladder Cancer: The Basics
Expert answers to common questions about bladder cancer.
BCG Treatment for Bladder Cancer and Hepatitis
Dear OncoLink "Ask the Experts,"
I was diagnosed with bladder cancer in 1990, and had two transuretheral removals of tumors. After the second recurrence I received BCG treatment and had good results. This year I was diagnosed with Hepatitis C.
A friend of mine, who is receiving the BCG treatment directed me to OncoLink Web site where
BCG Treatment for Bladder Cancer
Dear OncoLink "Ask the Experts,"
I am presently being treated with a drug named BCG for bladder cancer. The drug is placed into the bladder once a week for six weeks. The instructions make the material seem contaminating. Why does this material need to be treated so carefully?
Thank you,
TF
John Han-Chih
BCG for Bladder Tumors in Dogs
Dear OncoLink "Ask The Experts," Do you have any information on using BCG to reduce the size of bladder tumors in dogs? Lili Duda, VMD, Section Editor of the OncoLink Veterinary Oncology Menu, responds:BCG, or bacillus Calmette-Guerin is a bacterial vaccine that is a non-specific immunomodulator--in other words, it generally stimulates the
News related to the diagnosis, treatment and side effect management in bladder cancer.



Reviews of presentations at professional meetings related to bladder cancer.
SWOG 8710 (INT-0080): Randomized Phase III Trial of Neoadjuvant MVAC+Cystectomy Versus Cystectomy Alone in Patients With Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer
Presenter: R.B. Natale Affiliation: SWOG Background: Radical cystectomy has been the gold standard for the treatment of locally advanced bladder cancer. However, 50-60% develop recurrent or metastatic disease after cystectomy. It has been hypothesized that neoadjuvant therapy for advanced bladder cancer will 1)immediately treat
Long-Term Survival Following Immunization with BEC2 Plus BCG after Initial Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer
Sylvie Négrier, M.D., associate professor, Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard (Lyon, France), presented the results of another study demonstrating the effects of interferon, as well as another cytokine, interleukin-2, in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). According to Dr. Négrier, despite the large number of
Selective Bladder Preservation by Combined Modality Treatment of Invasive Bladder Cancer: 10 Year Outcome
Presenter: W. U. Shipley
Affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital
BackgroundThe standard of care for muscle invasive bladder cancer is radical cystectomy +/- adjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiation. However, to improve quality of life in these patients, there is much interest in bladder-conserving therapies, using transurethral
NCI CANCERLIT® Search: Diagnosis-Histopathology-Pathogenesis of Bladder Cancer - October 2001
Differences in gene expression in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a comparison of Italian and American patients. Prognostic significance of histopathological grading and immunoreactivity for p53 and p21/WAF1 in grade 2 pTa transitional...
NCI CANCERLIT® Search: Diagnosis-Histopathology-Pathogenesis of Bladder Cancer - September 2001
Table of Contents[Carcinoma in situ in the urinary bladder]Municipal drinking water nitrate level and cancer risk in older women: the Iowa Women's Health Study.[Differences in survival of patients with bladder cancer depending on depth of...
NCI CANCERLIT® Search: Therapy of Bladder Cancer - October 2001
Risk factors of urethral involvement of bladder cancer after radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder in females. Treatment of metastatic urothelial cancer in the post-MVAC era. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced...