Second Opinions

When people hear they have cancer, they often feel they need to start treatment right away. While this is true for some emergencies or specific cancers like lymphoma and leukemia, most people can take a few weeks to get a second opinion and think about their choices. There isn’t just one way to treat cancer, and different doctors might suggest different treatments for the same type of cancer. Every patient is unique, and treatment plans should fit each person’s situation.

What is a second opinion?

• Meeting with another cancer doctor to discuss your case.
• They will look at you test results and other information about your cancer.
• They may also order more tests to learn more about your cancer. 

Why should I get a second opinion?

• A second opinion gives you a chance to learn about all options for your cancer treatment.  
• A second opinion can help you learn more about your cancer and possible treatments .
• Second opinions are particularly helpful in the case of rare or unusual cancers.

How do I find another provider for a second opinion?

• Start with the provider who diagnosed you for referrals.  Healthcare providers have large networks of colleagues locally and around the country.
• Ask other people who have the same type of cancer who they see for their medical care and how they feel about their team.
• Your insurance company can also provide you with in-network referrals.
• The National Cancer Institute has a list of cancer treatment centers that are designated “comprehensive cancer centers.” These centers are leaders in cancer research, cutting-edge cancer care, and clinical trials.

Will my insurance cover a second opinion?

• They should. You may need a referral from your primary care provider.
• A second opinion is a visit with a specialist. You will be responsible for co-pays and co-insurance. You can get third or fourth opinions if you want.
• Not every provider will be in your insurance company’s network of providers, meaning you may be in “out of network” coverage. This may cost you more.
• Repeat scans and lab work may not be covered. Be sure that any tests are pre-certified and/or authorized before you have them done to avoid a surprise bill.
• Many centers will accept other scans and have them “read” by their own radiologist. They can also bill you for this.

Will my current healthcare provider be upset if I get another opinion?

• Your healthcare providers want you to feel informed and comfortable with your treatment plan. They do not take this personally. You shouldn’t feel guilty, anxious, or worried about advocating for the best plan of care.

What if I want to change to the other provider after my second opinion?

• If you feel more comfortable with the second doctor, it’s fine to switch. It’s important to trust your cancer care provider and feel you can talk openly with them about your treatment.

I live in a rural area, far away from a comprehensive or academic cancer center. Can I still get a second opinion on my case?

• If you live far away, it might be worth visiting a larger center for a second opinion.
• Many places will work with your local provider about your treatment.
• Some centers even offer second opinions by phone or online, but you may have to pay for that.

You’ll also need to cover travel costs, but there may be help available for that.

Can I get a second opinion on the pathology report and diagnosis?

• Yes. Large centers perform second opinions of pathology materials (slides and reports) all the time.
• You may be able to find a center that specializes in your tumor type. If you don’t know of an expert center, try one of the major cancer centers in the US where they have a lot of experience in pathology review. Call the pathology department of that institution and ask how to have your slides reviewed for a second opinion on the diagnosis.
• This can usually be done by mail or electronically - so geography need not limit where you can send the materials.
• There is usually a fee for having slides or tissue reviewed by an expert. Insurance companies may reimburse part, if not all, of these fees. Contact your insurance company before sending your slides to check on reimbursement, and if an out-of-network review is permitted.

Getting a second opinion might take some effort, but it can give you peace of mind knowing that multiple providers have looked at your case and offered you the best treatment options.